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<title data-rh="true">9.3 数据库上下文定位器 | Furion</title><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="http://furion.baiqian.ltd/docs/dbcontext-locator"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_locale" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:language" content="en"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_tag" content="docs-default-current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content="docs-default-current"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="9.3 数据库上下文定位器 | Furion"><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="只要数据库上下文注册绑定了数据库上下文定位器，那么所有的仓储、实体、种子、配置、视图、函数等数据库相关的类、接口、方法都需要指定数据库上下文定位器，默认数据库上下文定位器除外。"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="只要数据库上下文注册绑定了数据库上下文定位器，那么所有的仓储、实体、种子、配置、视图、函数等数据库相关的类、接口、方法都需要指定数据库上下文定位器，默认数据库上下文定位器除外。"><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="/img/favicon.ico"><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="http://furion.baiqian.ltd/docs/dbcontext-locator"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="http://furion.baiqian.ltd/docs/dbcontext-locator" hreflang="en"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="http://furion.baiqian.ltd/docs/dbcontext-locator" hreflang="x-default"><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="/blog/rss.xml" title="Furion RSS Feed">
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<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="931-数据库上下文定位器">9.3.1 数据库上下文定位器<a href="#931-数据库上下文定位器" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 9.3.1 数据库上下文定位器" title="Direct link to 9.3.1 数据库上下文定位器">​</a></h2>
<p>在了解数据库上下文定位器之前，我们先了解什么是 <code>定位器</code>，<code>定位器</code> 就是给物体安装特殊配置，使其能够被实时追踪和定位。</p>
<p>那为什么需要 <code>定位器</code>？</p>
<p>由于 <code>EF Core</code> 本身支持多个数据库上下文操作，但是通过 <code>依赖注入</code> 的方式默认只初始化一个数据库上下文，也就是如果我们想要操作多个数据库上下文，那么 <code>构造函数</code> 注入方式就会变得复杂。</p>
<p>所以，<code>Furion</code> 实现了一套 <code>定位器</code> 功能，通过这个 <code>定位器</code> ，我们就能够通过 <code>依赖注入</code> 等多个方式定位到数据库上下文并初始化。</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="932-数据库上下文定位器作用">9.3.2 数据库上下文定位器作用<a href="#932-数据库上下文定位器作用" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 9.3.2 数据库上下文定位器作用" title="Direct link to 9.3.2 数据库上下文定位器作用">​</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>能够实现构造函数初始化多个数据库上下文</li>
<li>能够避免业务层直接引用 <code>DbContext</code></li>
<li>能够实现动态切换数据库、读写分离、主从库等复杂操作</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="933-如何定义数据库上下文定位器">9.3.3 如何定义数据库上下文定位器<a href="#933-如何定义数据库上下文定位器" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 9.3.3 如何定义数据库上下文定位器" title="Direct link to 9.3.3 如何定义数据库上下文定位器">​</a></h2>
<p>定义数据库上下文定位器只需遵循三个原则即可：</p>
<ul>
<li>必须是公开 <code>class</code> 类型同时具备无参构造函数</li>
<li>该类型必须继承 <code>IDbContextLocator</code> 接口</li>
<li>数据库上下文定位器和数据库上下文必须是一对一关系，也就是不能同时被多个数据库上下文使用</li>
</ul>
<p>数据库上下文定位器定义代码如下：</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Furion</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">DatabaseAccessor</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Furion</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Core</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">sealed</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">FurionDbContextLocator</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token type-list class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IDbContextLocator</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="934-默认数据库上下文定位器">9.3.4 默认数据库上下文定位器<a href="#934-默认数据库上下文定位器" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 9.3.4 默认数据库上下文定位器" title="Direct link to 9.3.4 默认数据库上下文定位器">​</a></h2>
<p>在 <code>Furion</code> 框架中已经提供了 <code>MasterDbContextLocator</code> 默认数据库上下文定位器，所以默认数据库上下文只需继承 <code>AppDbContext&lt;TDbContext&gt;</code> 即可。</p>
<p>如：只有一个数据库上下文定义：</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Furion</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">DatabaseAccessor</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Microsoft</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">EntityFrameworkCore</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Furion</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">EntityFramework</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Core</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">[</span><span class="token attribute class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">AppDbContext</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;Sqlite3ConnectionString&quot;</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments"> DbProvider</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments">Sqlite</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">]</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span cla
<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-important admonition_xJq3 alert alert--info"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 2.3c3.14 0 5.7 2.56 5.7 5.7s-2.56 5.7-5.7 5.7A5.71 5.71 0 0 1 1.3 8c0-3.14 2.56-5.7 5.7-5.7zM7 1C3.14 1 0 4.14 0 8s3.14 7 7 7 7-3.14 7-7-3.14-7-7-7zm1 3H6v5h2V4zm0 6H6v2h2v-2z"></path></svg></span>关于多数据库定位器</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>默认数据库的定位器默认为 <code>MasterDbContextLocator</code>，所以无需显示指定定位器，<strong>但从第二个数据库开始，都必须指定数据库定位器</strong>。如：</p><ul>
<li>注册上下文：</li>
</ul><div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">options</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token generic-method function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">AddDbPool</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">OtherDbContext</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)"> OtherDbContextLocator</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><ul>
<li>定义上下文</li>
</ul><div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Furion</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">DatabaseAccessor</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Microsoft</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">EntityFrameworkCore</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Furion</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">EntityFramework</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Core</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">[</span><span class="token attribute class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">AppDbContext</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;Sqlite3ConnectionString&quot;</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments"> DbProvider</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments">Sqlite</span><span class="token attribute attribute-arguments punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">]</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><spa
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="935-数据库上下文定位器支持对象">9.3.5 数据库上下文定位器支持对象<a href="#935-数据库上下文定位器支持对象" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 9.3.5 数据库上下文定位器支持对象" title="Direct link to 9.3.5 数据库上下文定位器支持对象">​</a></h2>
<p>目前数据库上下文支持以下多个对象：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>AppDbContext&lt;TEntity, TDbContextLocator&gt;</code>：数据上下文</li>
<li><code>IRepository&lt;TEntity, TDbContextLocator&gt;</code>：实体仓储</li>
<li><code>ISqlRepository&lt;TDbContextLocator&gt;</code>: Sql 操作仓储</li>
<li><code>IDbRepository&lt;TDbContextLocator&gt;</code>: 特定数据库操作仓储</li>
<li><code>IMSRepository&lt;TMasterDbContextLocator, TSlaveDbContextLocator1, ... TSlaveDbContextLocator7&gt;</code>: 读写分离仓储</li>
<li><code>Func&lt;Type, DbContext&gt;</code>：依赖注入获取数据库上下文</li>
<li><code>Entity&lt;Tkey, TDbContextLocator&gt;</code> ：实体配置</li>
<li><code>EntityBase&lt;Tkey, TDbContextLocator1, ... TDbContextLocator8&gt;</code>：实体配置</li>
<li><code>EntityNotKey&lt;TDbContextLocator1, ... TDbContextLocator8&gt;</code>：无键实体配置</li>
<li><code>IEntity&lt;TDbContextLocator1, ... TDbContextLocator8&gt;</code>：默认实体配置</li>
<li><code>IEntitySeedData&lt;TEntity, TDbContextLocator1, ... TDbContextLocator8&gt;</code>：种子数据配置</li>
<li><code>IEntityTypeBuilder&lt;TEntity, TDbContextLocator1, ... TDbContextLocator8&gt;</code>：实体类型构建器</li>
<li><code>IModelBuilderFilter&lt;TDbContextLocator1, ... TDbContextLocator8&gt;</code>：模型构建筛选器</li>
<li><code>[QueryableFunction(DbContextLocators=Type[])]</code>：查询函数</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="936-反馈与建议">9.3.6 反馈与建议<a href="#936-反馈与建议" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 9.3.6 反馈与建议" title="Direct link to 9.3.6 反馈与建议">​</a></h2>
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