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<ul>
<li>
<p><code>全局唯一性</code>: 不能出现重复的 ID 号, 既然是唯一标识, 这是最基本的要求。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>趋势递增</code>: 在 MySQL InnoDB 引擎中使用的是聚集索引, 由于多数 RDBMS 使用 B-tree 的数据结构来存储索引数据, 在主键的选择上面我们应该尽量使用有序的主键保证写入性能。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>单调递增</code>: 保证下一个 ID 一定大于上一个 ID, 例如事务版本号, IM 增量消息, 排序等特殊需求。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>信息安全</code>: 如果 ID 是连续的, 恶意用户的扒取工作就非常容易做了, 直接按照顺序下载指定 URL 即可; 如果是订单号就更危险了, 竞对可以直接知道我们一天的单量。 所以在一些应用场景下, 会需要 ID 无规则, 不规则。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="272-分布式-id-有哪些">27.2 分布式 ID 有哪些<a href="#272-分布式-id-有哪些" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 27.2 分布式 ID 有哪些" title="Direct link to 27.2 分布式 ID 有哪些">​</a></h2>
<p>常见的分布式 ID 有 <code>连续 GUID</code>、<code>短 ID</code>、<code>雪花算法 ID</code>。</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="273-如何使用">27.3 如何使用<a href="#273-如何使用" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 27.3 如何使用" title="Direct link to 27.3 如何使用">​</a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="2731-连续-guid-方式">27.3.1 <code>连续 GUID</code> 方式<a href="#2731-连续-guid-方式" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 2731-连续-guid-方式" title="Direct link to 2731-连续-guid-方式">​</a></h3>
<ul>
<li>静态 <code>IDGen</code> 方式</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> guid </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> IDGen</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">NextID</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 还可以配置更多参数</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> guid2 </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> IDGen</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">NextID</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token constructor-invocation class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">SequentialGuidSettings</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"> LittleEndianBinary16Format </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style="color:rgb(255, 88, 116)">true</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// SequentialGuidSettings 参数取决于你的分布式ID的实现</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></
<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-important admonition_xJq3 alert alert--info"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 2.3c3.14 0 5.7 2.56 5.7 5.7s-2.56 5.7-5.7 5.7A5.71 5.71 0 0 1 1.3 8c0-3.14 2.56-5.7 5.7-5.7zM7 1C3.14 1 0 4.14 0 8s3.14 7 7 7 7-3.14 7-7-3.14-7-7-7zm1 3H6v5h2V4zm0 6H6v2h2v-2z"></path></svg></span>特别提醒</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>如果在循环中使用 <code>IDGen</code> 静态类方式，性能最差，原因是底层不断解析服务。如果非循环中，性能等于下面两种用法。</p></div></div>
<ul>
<li><code>IDistributedIDGenerator</code> 注入方式 <strong>推荐</strong></li>
</ul>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IDistributedIDGenerator</span><span class="token plain"> _idGenerator</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">AppServices</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IDistributedIDGenerator</span><span class="token plain"> idGenerator</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> _idGenerator </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> idGenerator</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> guidObject </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> _idGenerator</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2
<ul>
<li><code>SequentialGuidIDGenerator</code> 方式</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> idGen </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token constructor-invocation class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">SequentialGuidIDGenerator</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> guid </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> idGen</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 更多参数</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> idGen2 </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token constructor-invocation class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">SequentialGuidIDGenerator</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> guid2 </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> idGen2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Create</span><span class="token punctu
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="2732-短-id">27.3.2 <code>短 ID</code><a href="#2732-短-id" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 2732-短-id" title="Direct link to 2732-短-id">​</a></h3>
<p><code>短 ID</code> 按道理不应该放在分布式 ID 生成这个章节，它的作用用途常用于并发不强的内部系统中，比如 <code>任务ID</code>，<code>Issue 编号</code> 等等。</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> shortid </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> ShortIDGen</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">NextID</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 生成一个包含数字，字母，不包含特殊符号的 8 位短id</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 添加更多配置</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> shortid </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> ShortIDGen</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">NextID</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token constructor-invocation class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">GenerationOptions</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> UseNumbers </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style="color:rgb(255, 88, 116)">false</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 不包含数字</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> UseSpecialCharacters </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style="color:rgb(255, 88, 116)">true</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="2733-雪花算法-id">27.3.3 <code>雪花算法 ID</code><a href="#2733-雪花算法-id" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 2733-雪花算法-id" title="Direct link to 2733-雪花算法-id">​</a></h3>
<p><code>Furion</code> 在最新的 <code>2.1 +</code> 版本移除了<code>雪花算法 ID</code> 功能，原因是：</p>
<p><strong>目前，<code>雪花算法 ID</code> 使用频率不高，而且实现 <code>雪花算法 ID</code> 的方式也是千差万别，所以框架移除该功能，采用拓展或自集成方式。</strong></p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="274-反馈与建议">27.4 反馈与建议<a href="#274-反馈与建议" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 27.4 反馈与建议" title="Direct link to 27.4 反馈与建议">​</a></h2>
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