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<p>中间件是一种装配到应用管道以处理请求和响应的软件。 每个组件：</p>
<ul>
<li>选择是否将请求传递到管道中的下一个组件。</li>
<li>可在管道中的下一个组件前后执行工作。</li>
<li>请求委托用于生成请求管道。 请求委托处理每个 <code>HTTP</code> 请求。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>一句话总结：中间件是比筛选器更底层，更上游的面向切面技术，其性能最高，可处理的应用范围远比过滤器广，如实现网关，<code>URL</code> 转发，限流等等。</strong></p>
<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip admonition_xJq3 alert alert--success"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>中间件更多内容</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>本章节暂不考虑将中间件展开讲，想了解更多知识可阅读官方文档 【<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/middleware/?view=aspnetcore-6.0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ASP.NET Core - 中间件</a>】</p></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="552-常见中间件">5.5.2 常见中间件<a href="#552-常见中间件" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.2 常见中间件" title="Direct link to 5.5.2 常见中间件">​</a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5521-所有请求返回同一个结果">5.5.2.1 所有请求返回同一个结果<a href="#5521-所有请求返回同一个结果" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.2.1 所有请求返回同一个结果" title="Direct link to 5.5.2.1 所有请求返回同一个结果">​</a></h3>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Run</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">async</span><span class="token plain"> context </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">await</span><span class="token plain"> context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Response</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">WriteAsync</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;Hello world!&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5522-拦截所有请求可多个">5.5.2.2 拦截所有请求（可多个）<a href="#5522-拦截所有请求可多个" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.2.2 拦截所有请求（可多个）" title="Direct link to 5.5.2.2 拦截所有请求（可多个）">​</a></h3>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Use</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">async</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 比如设置统一头</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Response</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Headers</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;framework&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">]</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;Furion&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 执行下一个中间件</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">await</span><span class="token plain"> next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Invoke</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(19
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5523-特定路由中间件可多个">5.5.2.3 特定路由中间件（可多个）<a href="#5523-特定路由中间件可多个" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.2.3 特定路由中间件（可多个）" title="Direct link to 5.5.2.3 特定路由中间件（可多个）">​</a></h3>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Map</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;/hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> app </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Run</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">async</span><span class="token plain"> context </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">await</span><span class="token plain"> context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Response</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">WriteAsync</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;Map Test 1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5524-嵌套路由中间件可多个">5.5.2.4 嵌套路由中间件（可多个）<a href="#5524-嵌套路由中间件可多个" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.2.4 嵌套路由中间件（可多个）" title="Direct link to 5.5.2.4 嵌套路由中间件（可多个）">​</a></h3>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Map</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;/level1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> level1App </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> level1App</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Map</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;/level2a&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> level2AApp </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// &quot;/level1/level2a&quot; processing</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> level1App</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Map</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;/level2b&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> level2BApp </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// &quot;/level1/level2b&quot; processing</span><span class="token plain"></s
<p>更多例子查看官方文档 <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/middleware/?view=aspnetcore-6.0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/middleware/?view=aspnetcore-6.0</a></p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="553-自定义中间件">5.5.3 自定义中间件<a href="#553-自定义中间件" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.3 自定义中间件" title="Direct link to 5.5.3 自定义中间件">​</a></h2>
<p>自定义中间件有多种方式，最简单的是通过 <code>app.Use</code> 方式，另外还支持独立类定义方式。</p>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5531-appuse-方式-不推荐">5.5.3.1 <code>app.Use</code> 方式 (不推荐)<a href="#5531-appuse-方式-不推荐" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5531-appuse-方式-不推荐" title="Direct link to 5531-appuse-方式-不推荐">​</a></h3>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockTitle_Ktv7">Starup.cs</div><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Use</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">async</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> cultureQuery </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Request</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Query</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;culture&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">!</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">IsNullOrWhiteSpace</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token plain">cultureQuery</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class=
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5532-独立类-方式推荐">5.5.3.2 <code>独立类</code> 方式（推荐）<a href="#5532-独立类-方式推荐" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5532-独立类-方式推荐" title="Direct link to 5532-独立类-方式推荐">​</a></h3>
<p>独立类的方式是目前最为推荐的方式，拓展性强，维护性高，如：</p>
<ul>
<li>定义中间件，建议以 <code>Middleware</code> 结尾：</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">System</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Globalization</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Middleware</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestDelegate</span><span class="token plain"> _next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" s
<ul>
<li>添加中间件拓展类</li>
</ul>
<p>定义了中间件之后，需要创建这个中间件的拓展类，中间件拓展方法建议以 <code>Use</code> 开头，如：</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddlewareExtensions</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token return-type class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IApplicationBuilder</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">UseRequestCulture</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">this</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IApplicationBuilder</span><span class="token plain"> builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">return</span><span class="token plain"> builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token generic-method function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">UseMiddleware</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><
<ul>
<li>在 <code>Startup.cs</code> 中使用</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token return-type class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Configure</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IApplicationBuilder</span><span class="token plain"> app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IWebHostEnvironment</span><span class="token plain"> env</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// ... 其他中间件</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">UseRequestCulture</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// ... 其他中间件</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">}</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5533-配置更多参数">5.5.3.3 配置更多参数<a href="#5533-配置更多参数" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.3.3 配置更多参数" title="Direct link to 5.5.3.3 配置更多参数">​</a></h3>
<p>默认情况下，自定义独立类中间件构造函数只有一个 <code>RequestDelegate</code> 参数，除此之后，还可以注入服务接口/类，另外还支持传入任何其他类型。</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>服务类型参数</strong></li>
</ul>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">System</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Globalization</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Middleware</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestDelegate</span><span class="token plain"> _next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">ILogger</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rg
<ul>
<li><strong>非服务类型参数</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>除此之外，还可以添加 <code>非服务参数</code> 参数，<strong>但必须是声明在服务参数后。</strong></p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">System</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Globalization</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Middleware</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestDelegate</span><span class="token plain"> _next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">ILogger</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMi
<p>之后还需要修改中间件拓展类：</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddlewareExtensions</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token return-type class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IApplicationBuilder</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">UseRequestCulture</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">this</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IApplicationBuilder</span><span class="token plain"> builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">int</span><span class="token plain"> age</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">string</span><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">return</span><span class="token plain"> builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token generic-method function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">UseMiddleware</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><
<p>使用：</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain">app</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">UseRequestCulture</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token number" style="color:rgb(247, 140, 108)">30</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(195, 232, 141)">&quot;百小僧&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="554-中间件顺序">5.5.4 中间件顺序<a href="#554-中间件顺序" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.4 中间件顺序" title="Direct link to 5.5.4 中间件顺序">​</a></h2>
<p>中间件是有执行顺序的，而且是<strong>先注册的先执行，无法通过其他方式更改</strong>，参考下图：</p>
<img src="/img/zjj1.png">
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="555-依赖注入解析服务">5.5.5 依赖注入/解析服务<a href="#555-依赖注入解析服务" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.5 依赖注入/解析服务" title="Direct link to 5.5.5 依赖注入/解析服务">​</a></h2>
<p>中间件有两种方式注入服务，一种是通过构造函数注入，一种是通过 <code>httpContext.RequestServices</code> 方式解析。</p>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5551-构造函数方式">5.5.5.1 构造函数方式<a href="#5551-构造函数方式" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.5.1 构造函数方式" title="Direct link to 5.5.5.1 构造函数方式">​</a></h3>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">System</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Globalization</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Middleware</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestDelegate</span><span class="token plain"> _next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line theme-code-block-highlighted-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">ILogger</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rg
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="5552-httpcontextrequestservices-方式">5.5.5.2 <code>httpContext.RequestServices</code> 方式<a href="#5552-httpcontextrequestservices-方式" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5552-httpcontextrequestservices-方式" title="Direct link to 5552-httpcontextrequestservices-方式">​</a></h3>
<p><code>HttpContext</code> 提供了 <code>RequestServices</code> 属性方便解析服务。</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">System</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Globalization</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">namespace</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Middleware</span><span class="token namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token namespace" style="color:rgb(178, 204, 214)">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMiddleware</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestDelegate</span><span class="token plain"> _next</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="font-style:italic">readonly</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">ILogger</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">RequestCultureMi
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="556-常见问题">5.5.6 常见问题<a href="#556-常见问题" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.6 常见问题" title="Direct link to 5.5.6 常见问题">​</a></h2>
<p>由于中间件是比较原始的切面方式，有时候我们需要获取<strong>终点路由的特性</strong>或者其他信息，则需要一点技巧：</p>
<div class="language-cs codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#bfc7d5;--prism-background-color:#292d3e"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cs codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#bfc7d5;background-color:#292d3e"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv codeBlockLinesWithNumbering_o6Pm"><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 获取终点路由特性</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> endpointFeature </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token plain">Features</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">.</span><span class="token generic-method function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">Get</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">IEndpointFeature</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(105, 112, 152);font-style:italic">// 获取是否定义了特性</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><br></span><span class="token-line codeLine_lJS_" style="color:#bfc7d5"><span class="codeLineNumber_Tfdd"></span><span class="codeLineContent_feaV"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name keyword" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> attribute </span><span class="token operator" style="color:rgb(137, 221, 255)">=</span><span class="token plain"> endpointFeature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">?.</span><span class="token plain">Endpoint</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">?.</span><span class="token plain">Metadata</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">?.</span><span class="token generic-method function" style="color:rgb(130, 170, 255)">GetMetadata</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&lt;</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name" style="color:rgb(255, 203, 107)">YourAttribute</span><span class="token generic-method generic class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(199, 146, 234)">)</span></span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="curr
<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-important admonition_xJq3 alert alert--info"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 2.3c3.14 0 5.7 2.56 5.7 5.7s-2.56 5.7-5.7 5.7A5.71 5.71 0 0 1 1.3 8c0-3.14 2.56-5.7 5.7-5.7zM7 1C3.14 1 0 4.14 0 8s3.14 7 7 7 7-3.14 7-7-3.14-7-7-7zm1 3H6v5h2V4zm0 6H6v2h2v-2z"></path></svg></span>注意事项</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>要想上面操作有效，也就是不为 <code>null</code>，需要满足以下条件，否则 <code>endpointFeature</code> 返回 <code>null</code>。</p><ul>
<li>启用端点路由 <code>AddControllers()</code> 而不是 <code>AddMvc()</code></li>
<li><code>UseRouting()</code> 和 <code>UseEndpoints()</code> 之间调用你的中间件</li>
</ul></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="557-了解更多">5.5.7 了解更多<a href="#557-了解更多" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.7 了解更多" title="Direct link to 5.5.7 了解更多">​</a></h2>
<p>想了解更多中间件知识可阅读官方文档 【<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/middleware/?view=aspnetcore-6.0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ASP.NET Core - 中间件</a>】</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="558-反馈与建议">5.5.8 反馈与建议<a href="#558-反馈与建议" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5.5.8 反馈与建议" title="Direct link to 5.5.8 反馈与建议">​</a></h2>
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